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Place, Identity, and National Imagination in Post-War Taiwan - Bi-yu Chang…
Place, Identity, and National Imagination in Post-War Taiwan - Bi-yu Chang
Introduction
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Colonial Context
Formosa colonized by Europeans (1624-62), Qing Dynasty (1662-1895), Japanese (1895-1945)
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WW2 ends, Taiwan goes to ROC
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Unfair distribution of power, resources and capital became the key issue for Taiwan's opposition movement -> reflects colonial suppression and cultural imperialism by the foreign Chinese regime
Identity Context
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Indigenous population = 2.29% so most of the rest of the population are ethnic Han Chinese so identity is linked to when people moved to Taiwan
1950-1990: KMT's China-centric governnace and authoritarian rule and ideological construction was effective until 1990s when DPP surveys led to more people identifying as "Taiwanese only"
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Spatial Theory
Tuan (1990) and Cresswell (2004): people arely notice the hidden effect and the structural impact of their surroundings
Gregory and Urry (1985): spatial structure should be seen as a medium through which social relations are produced and reproduced
Lefebvre 1976: the most powerful elements of space are its transparency and its seemingly realistic naturalness
Rose 1995: sense of place can be positive, negative, or indifferent
Buttimer 1976: every individual is immersed in space and surrounded by concentric layers of lived space aka sense of place varies from person to person but can also differ from time to time for any one individual. This feeling of in place or out of place suggests a sense of beloning, ownership and position in the social hierarchy.
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Lefebvre: The Production of Space 1991 challenges the conventional concept of space which is commonly treated as an inert spatial medium
space is not a passive background to historical events but rather a socially constructed mechanism inducing events to develop in a certain way. social space = social product that serves as a tool of throught, action, and a means of control and domination
any new social relationship calls for the emergence of a new space which incorporates socila actions in order to materialize the spatial order into physical relaity
Elden 2007: space is at the center of a continuing social and historical process, involving struggles over ideology, meanings, and values
state space regulates and perpetuates the relations of domination and consists of three important dimensions ideological (technocratic representation of the social), practical (istrumental/a means of action), and tactical (strategic - subordination of a territory's resources to political ends)