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Solids (Crystalline
Very regular, long range order
Definite Geometrical…
Solids
Crystalline
Very regular, long range order
Definite Geometrical config
Sharp MP
Clean cut with knife
Anisotropic
(same mag of diff prop are diff
in diff directions)
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Covalent
Diamond
CCP or FCC
8 atoms per unit cell
SP3 hybridised
109.28 bond angle
3d network solid
Cn - 4
One carbon surrounded
Graphite
Hexagonal close packing
SP2 hybridised
Held together by weak Van der waal's forces
Layers slide over each other
Metallic
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Types of crystal
Body Centered cubic
68%(space occ by atoms)
CN - 8
Li, Na, K
Hexagonal Closed Packing
ABABAB
74%
12
Mg, Zn
(Cubic closed packing)Face Centered Cubic
ABCABCABC
74%
12
Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag
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Magnetic Properties
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Ferromagnetic
Strongly attracted by MF due to large number of unpaired electrons - Fe, Ni, Cu, CrO2
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Unit Cell
Smallest dimensional group of lattice points
which when repeated in 3d in space, give the
whole space lattice of the crystal
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Face centered
Eight lattice points at eight corners and
6 lattice points at 6 face centers of the cube
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Electric properties
Piezoelectric
Mechanical stress- crystal is deformed and electricity is produced due to displacement of ions
Pyroelectric
Polar crystals on heating produce current
Uses - Electrical Transducer, Record player
Amorphous
Irregular, short range order
Indefinite
Not sharp MP
Irregular cut with knife
Isotropic