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Food and Religion (Eastern Religions (4) (Sikhism youngest (festivals…
Food and Religion
Eastern Religions (4)
Hinduism - oldest; 3k yrs
principles: purity, self control, detachment, truth, nonviolence
reincarnation: movie up or down the spiritual lader depending on karma
ie levels of human cast system not all equal impacting life u lead
diet: if you were vegetarian nonviolence > reincarnated
hindu dietary practices
the cow is considered sacred and is not to be killed/eaten
cow highest cast animal, dairy for nourishment, n to NO beef
many, though not all hindus are lacto-vegetarian
no eggs on Indian menu
Fast and feasting days
45 major festivals, regional festivals and fasting days
eating restrictions or nothing at all, diff definitions, only a few fasting days not all
*DIWALI: festival of lights
light/darkness
Good/evil
Other restricted food item
pork, crab(ugly), snails
onions, mushroom, garlic
onion/garlic make you passionate; mushrooms are dirty
Buddhism (2nd oldest)
many hindu concepts were retained including reincarnation, karma, enlightenment
caste distinctions are not part of buddhism
originally in India buddhism spread diff branches like Christianity
dietary practices
taking life is forbidden, so no hunting, but you can purchase meat that want killed just for you
vegetarianism varies, depending on which sect you are following
the birth, enlightenment, and death of buddha are feast days
Jainism 2nd youngest
no belief is omnipotent being; eternal universe is governed by natural law
believed in spiritual independence and equality of life
all life is sacred
dietary restrictions
food obtained without injury or death
no root vegetables
no meat or eggs
fasting is a part of the festivals and holy days
Diwali celebrate, but by fasting, no feasting
can include complete or partial fast
no eating after sunset-might kill bugs w fire
Sikhism youngest
belief in equality of all
faith in one God
found 500 years ago
festivals
vaisakhi
lives of martyrs and gurus
no harmful substances
vegetarianism is encouraged
all based on hinduism, branches of things they like.didnt *beliefs not tested
Western Religions
Judaism
originating about 3000 y/a, ethnicity as well as religion
Divisions (strict to least)
Orthodox
modern dress
Hasidim
follow most or all bible rules ie not working Sunday, dress is diff
Consevative
Reform
Jewsih Dietary Laws
Kosher means "fit" and is the popular term for the dietary law
rabbi approve/made presence of, diff stamp-age
permitted animals
mammals with cloven hooves and chews the cud
cloven hooves: pig, sheep, cow, goat
pigs have cloven hooves BUT can't chew the cud, cat or dogs cannot digest
camel can chew the cud BUT wrong hooves
birds with crop, gizzard, extra talon
fish with fins and scales
no bald eagles, shrimp, shark, octopus, catfish, eel, squid, clams, lobster
Not permitted
reptiles, amphibians, most invertebrate
More Jewish Dietary Laws
the animals must be slaughtered in a ritually prescribed manner
killed right, cut right,
sabbath is a day of rest, so all food is prepared in advance
sunset Friday to sunset Saturday, cold food, microwave
the law of meat and milk
cannot be in the same meal, one or another, not the same plate, cleaning's isn't good enough-2 dishwashers
Jewish holidays
Rosh Hashanah/Religious New Year
challah bread, sweet foods, no sour or bitter foods
Yom Kippur, the Food Atonement - 24 complete fast
reflection, no food or water
Christianity
Roman Catholic Facts
lent: 40 days leading up to Easter
Before 1966: fast every Friday yr round
fast: vegetarian diet plus fish
since 1966: fast every Friday during lent
founded on events surrounding of the life of Jesus, believed to be the son of God the Messiah
Christians identify themselves by a law of dietary rules
includes: Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Protestantism
Easter: resurrection of Jesus after crucifixion
Christmas: Birth of Jesus
Eastern Orthodox Facts
fast every Wednesday and Friday yr round
fast 40 days leading up to Christmas and Easter
fast means a vegan diet
restrictions
Communion
replication the last supper when Jesus shared a meal with his disciples
unleavened bread for last supper/passover
orthodox "rissen from the dead"rise/leavened
Islam
originated in 600AD
quaran/koran: sacred writings of islam
self-indulgence is discouraged
eat only w/ right hand
Halal- permitted or lawful food
stamped
very similar to Judaism *
Kosher says eat this and that
islam says do not eat this or that
haram - unlawful/prohibited food
4 footed animals that catch prey w mouth
swine
birds of prey
improperly slaughtered
NO blood products
also no alcoholic Bev and intoxicating drugs
Islamic fast and feast days
Ramadan:most important time of the year
re-reval of ones life
NO food or liquid from dawn to sunset (whole month)
celebrates start of religion
commemorated when Mohammed was inspired to begin islam
feast in social setting
Eid Al-Fitr
celebrating the end of ramadan
food eaten depends on home country
Protestantism
no fast days, majority don't have food restrictions
many diff protestant branches
Seventh-day adventists
Sabbath is on Saturday not sunday
health is preserved through eating the right food, having adequate rest and exerise
1/2 follow vegetarian
1/2 don't eat shellfish and no pork (light kosher)
no tea, coffee, alcohol, tobacco
Later day Saints (Mormons)
store 1 year of food, fast 1 day a month
value: be prepare (Mormons like to be prepared)
no tea, coffee, alcohol or tobacco (not bc of caffeine)
fast: only can eat 1 meal a day
spend time eating to praying as a family
money for food= donated (from fast)
way for ppl to sep their religion from themselves
intermittent relations, moles from food, building blocks of bod, bind and sep ppl
religious foods rules have been codified - written down
food prac vary greatly not only btw religion, but also w/in religion
Food practice plays a v imp role in religion