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A Borrowed Life (Viral propagation/reproduction (Biological defenses to…
A Borrowed Life
Viral propagation/reproduction
Lysogenic Cycle
Lytic Cycle
Biological defenses to viruses
Natrual selection
Favors bacterial mutants with surface proteins that are no longer recognized as receptors by a particular type of phage
restriction enzymes
genetic material identified as foreign are cute by cellular enzymes
CRISPR-Cas system
"Homing" system that targets viral RNA and cuts it before insertion into cell genome (bacteria)
Plant viruses
Vertical transmission
Infection inherited from parent organism
Horizontal transmission
Infection acquired from an external source
Viral construction
Origins
Plasmids
Small circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes
transposons
DNA segments that can move from one location to another
Mobile genetic elements
Components
Genetic Material
Single-stranded DNA
Double-stranded RNA
Double-stranded DNA
Single-stranded RNA
Protein Coat
Capsid Shell
helical
icosahedral
rod-shaped
Envelope
Composed of
Phospholipids
Membrane proteins
Variations of "non-living" pathogens
Viroids
Structure
Nucleic Acid minus protein coat, coats for damaging
Damage
Causes RNA silencing, the degradation of the larger translation process, detrimental to the plant
Prions
Structure
Unfolded protein
Damage
Causes aggregation of neighbor proteins that are essential to cell function, ultimately damaging cell operation
