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Studies (Descriptive studies (Hypothesis generating (Describe the…

- - - - Outcome
        
        Outcome selection
        
        Prevalent
      - Why a certain outcome occurs
      - Quick and inexpensive
      - only method for rare long disorders
      - Fewer subjects needed than cohort (more efficient)
      - Susceptible to bias
      - potential for confonding
      - can only study one outcome
      - cannot calculate incident rates or exposed vs unexposed
    - - Both together
        
        Random/All
      - Measures if there is a relation between outcome and exposure
      - Examine prevalence of a disease by measuring the variables
    - - Exposure
        
        Exposure selection
        
        Incident
      - What effect may exposure have
      - Prospective study: measure predictor variables before outcome
      - Retrospective study:collect data about predictor variables after outcome occured
      - allows measurement of mortality/incidence in exposed vs nexposed
      - subjects can be matched for possible confonders
      - can study rare exposures
      - can examine multiple outcomes
      - Easier and cheaper to administrate than RCT
      - Expensive and time consuming
      - potential for bias and contamination
      - Blinding is difficult
      - inefficient for uncommon outcomes
  - - - Researcher manipulate intervention/exposure
    - - Systemically combining results of previous research
    - - when researchers create groups to compare but cannot randomly assign participants to those groups