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Great Britain (Old History (The Victorian Age (1837-1901) (Queen Victoria…

- - - - Henry Tudor crowned as King to King Henry the eight
        
        Same land without Scotland
        
        Wales is a part of English empire
        
        only have power over parts of Ireland
        
        English as mother tounge
        
        Wasn`t normal, French was
        
        Chrurch have Latin still
  - - - Catholic
      - broke with Rome and established Protestant Church of England
        
        cause of politics and sex
        
        Henry the VIII`s first wife cannot give him a son
        
        Fell in love with his wife maid, Anne Boleyn
        
        Anne resisted him cause she wanted to be queen
        
        He asked for a divorce cause he wanted Anne and a son
        
        refused by the pope, defied the Pope and declared himself as the head of English church
        
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        cannot give him a son
        
        exuceted for alleged adultery
        
        It took a third wife (total of six) to give him a son
        
        Edward VI, no stability
        
        Died on his secong year of reign
        
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  - - - doesnt tolerate the Catholic church
        
        became protestantist
      - fear of catholicism
    - - extended control in Ireland
      - first coloni in America, which is Virginia
      - more litterature and art
        
        English Renaissance, example William Shakespeare
        
        English as a upstart language
    - - secured Englands position as major European power
  - - - Children had to work adult hours
    - - The Chartists
        
        Made people sign a petition calling for basic political reforms like annual elections and general suffrage
        
        Three times they submitted their petitions to the parlament
        
        The Liberal Party adopted many of their policies and incorporated them in Reform Acts passed by the parlament in 1867 and 1884
  - - - Scottish parlament was dissolved; England and Scotland became one.
        
        Scots kept their own legal system
    - - Ireland was firmly catholic and briatain had tried multiple times to make them protestant
    - - Ulster province rebelled amd their land was given to Scottish and English protestants
  - - - Economy was in dynamic shape
      - Agriculture was far more productive than anywhere else in Europe
    - - 1880: increased to 35%
    - - Supposed to behave in a respectable, god-fearing, serious way
    - - Prostitution, alcoholism and drug abuse were rife
    - - Principles of freedom and individualism
      - Large degree of freedom of speech and religion
  - - - High point of the empire
      - But marked the turn in the British fortunes
        
        Britain didnt become weaker, other nations just became stronger
  - - - More powerful and well-organised
        trading posts
      - Sugar, tobacco and cotton
        plantations were set up
        
        Colonies established up and
        down North American coast
      - Darkest aspect of British
        economy expansion - slave trade
        (11-15 mill Africans transported to USA)
        
        Most of British fortune founded on blood of African slaves
      - Imperial expansion = international conflict, with France
        
        1700s: British fought France in North America - won multiple times
        
        1799 - 1815: Napoleon war - deadliest
        
        Britiah unbeatable - trade and wealth
  - - - Developed a national economy
        
        The free market economy
        
        Decided which products were made and what profits were gained
        
        Transformed society around it
      - By 1800, Britain had a population over doubled to over 1 million. And it grew more and more over the next century
        
        Reason for this growth: development of modern scientific practices during the Enlightenment
        
        Practical insights- efficient ways to produce agricultural and manufactured goods
        
        Spinning Jenny
        
        Steam engine
        
        Science- better health care