Kashgar: an oasis city in west China located at the foot of the Pamirs Mountains. Mongols had it starting in 1219. Grows wheat, corn, barley, rice, beans, cotton, melon, peaches, apricots, and cherries. Fishing. Textiles- cotton and silk (felts, rugs, furs, leatherware, and pottery)

• The Saddle flattens the hump of the camel and had arches to support the saddle along their back.

• Camels were the main animals used to transport goods across the Trans-Saharan Trade routes.

• The camel saddle made it easier to travel long distances in the desert . It also allowed camels to carry goods on their saddles instead of carts behind them, this made traveling faster.

• Only camels could go across the desert for trade. They could go long distances in the desert without needing food or water.

• Camel Saddles allowed trade to become more productive and the most efficient way to travel through the desert.

Caravans

Caravansarai

• Caravans were had on average about 1,000 camels. However, they could be as large as 12,000 camels. There were hundreds of people traveling in the caravan as well.

• Caravansarai are inns that travelers can stay at when crossing desert regions. They were placed about a days journey apart. (about 30 to 40 kilometer apart)
  

• A Caravan is a group of merchants that travel together in order to have protection in deserts or unfriendly religious areas.

• Caravans helped merchants safe from raiders when on the routes.

• Caravansarais allowed the traders to bring and share their culture with different people. They were able to tell people from different areas of the world about their religion, ideas, beliefs, and culture.

• This allowed Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, and Jewdistm to spread quickly throughout different regions.

• Caravansaias were spread all throughout not only the Trans-Saharan trade networks, but also along the Silk Road trade routes.

Trans-Saharan trade was in the African Kingdoms and up to Europe. They traded mainly gold, salt, ivory, and slaves. Most of the time merchants had to ride through deserts to trade with others.