Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

BCG VACCINES bcg-vaccine-500x500 (Microbial Genetics (Recombinant BCG…

- - - - Mtb32C, Mtb39, and Mtb32N were cloned into pcDNA3.1 using restriction enzyme digestion and T4 DNA ligase.
      - Colony-PCR and restriction enzyme digestion were performed to detect transformed bacteria.
      - DNA sequencing confirmed the desired gene insertion into the vector.
      - A Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line was transfected with the recombinant plasmid
      - RT-PCR was performed to assess gene expression
      - REF: Nabavinia, M. S., Ramezani, M., Gholoobi, A., Naderinasab, M., & Meshkat, Z. (2017). Construction of Mtb72F Plasmid as a DNA Vaccine Candidate for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology, 6(1), 95–101.
    - - Gel electrophoresis showed the expected amplified gene fragments of 429, 614, and 1200 base pairs (bps) for Mtb32C, Mtb32N, and Mtb39, respectively
      - Enzyme digestion and gel electrophoresis showed the expected fragments, indicating the desired gene position and orientation in the recombinant plasmid
      - This finding was verified by DNA sequencing, and RT-PCR demonstrated gene expression in the CHO cell line
      - REF: Nabavinia, M. S., Ramezani, M., Gholoobi, A., Naderinasab, M., & Meshkat, Z. (2017). Construction of Mtb72F Plasmid as a DNA Vaccine Candidate for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology, 6(1), 95–101.
  - - - RUTI
    - - Live Mycobacterium Vaccines
        
        Recombinant BCG (rBCG) vaccine
        
        VPM1002
        
        listeriolysin gene has been added to the BCG genome and urease gene has been deleted
        
        rBCG30
        
        rBCG over-expressing Ag85B
        
        Live Attenuation of M. tuberculosis
        
        MTBVAC
        
        Deletions of the phoP and fadD26 gene
      - Subunit vaccines
        
        Recombinant subunit fusion protein
        
        M72F
        
        Fusion protein Mtb32a-Mtb39a in AS01 adjuvant
        
        72 kDa recombinant protein
        
        Modified viral vector vaccines
        
        MVA85A
      - TB DNA Vaccines candidates
  - - - Cloning the gene encoding MPT83 recombinant antigen
      - This gene expression is conducted in vivo in E. coli BL21 as a soluble protein, followed by quality and quantity tests on the antigen gained
      - Purification has to be done in the last phase to ensure that MPT83 antigen can be used as vaccine candidate.
      - Ahmad, A., Agus, R., Massi, M. N., Natzir, R., Madhyastha, R., Madhyastha, H. K., & Maruyama, M. (2018). Cloning and expression of MPT83 gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in E. coli BL21 as vaccine candidate of tuberculosis: A preliminary study. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16(2), 335–340. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.04.001
    - - M. tuberculosis multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) is resistant to two main antibiotics commonly used, i.e. isoniazid and rifampicin
      - A very recent study report the HspX/EsxS and MPT83 gene from the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain can be cloning and expression in E. coli BL21 as a soluble fusion protein
      - Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR-TB) is resistant to fluoroquinolone and injections such as kanamycin, capreomicyn or amikacin
- - - - Monocytes, neutrophils, dendritic cells
    - - Arrival of T cells as Granulomas at the site of infection (lungs)
    - - Mycobacteria tuberculosis persistence - failure in immune system
      - disease may reactivate
      - Spreading of MTB to other areas of the lung
      - Anon, (2019). [online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Pathogenesis-of-tuberculosis-TB-pathogenesis-can-be-divided-in-four-well-defined-events_fig1_225187172
  - - - No symptoms
      - Noninfectious
      - Positive tuberculin skin test
      - Positive interferon-gamma release assay
      - Negative sputum acid-fast bacillus smear
      - Normal or stable calcified granulomas chest radiography
      - Consider treatment to prevent progression to active disease
    - - Symptoms like cough, hemoptysis, weight loss, fever and night sweats
      - Infectious
      - Positive tuberculin test
      - Positive interferon-gamma release assay
      - Negative or positive sputum acid-fast bacillus smear
      - Abnormal findings consistent with active tuberculosis infection in chest radiography
      - Treatment through isolation and drug regimen