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INFLUENZA VIRUS (Genetic (Virus-like particles (multiprotein structures…

- - - - Hep B virus HBc antigen + M2e produced in E.coli has protected mice against lethal influenza infection.
  - - - STF2.4 X M2e produced in E.coli induces a flagellin (TLR-5)
      - Recombinant fusion protein 4M2e X HSP70c produced in E.coli
  - - - DNA Vaccines
        
        Bacterial plasmids with incorporated target gene regulatory elements providing gene expression after introduced in the organism
      - Recombinant bacterial vector-based vaccines
      - Recombinant viral vector-based vaccines
        
        Recombinant poxviruse
        
        Recombinant NDV
        
        Recombinant viruses with the target gene and a combination of regulatory elements
        
        Recombinant Adenovirus
- - - - Morbidity and Mortality Rates
        
        Morbidity and Mortality
        
        Pathogen-Host Interaction
        
        Type and Stages
        
        Portals of Entry
        
        HA attachement to sialic acid-containing receptor
        
        Acidi pH upon cause conformational changes in HA exposing fusion peptide
        
        Membrane Fusion
        
        Release of viral genome into cellular cytoplasm
        
        Respiratory Tract
        
        Estblishment
        
        How they avoid and compromising host defenses
        
        Viral Pathogenic Effect
        
        How the virus cause the disease?
        
        Disease Diagnosis
        
        Treatment
        
        Polymerase Chain Reaction
        
        Symptoms
      - Flu (Mild to Severe)
        
        Pneumonia
        
        Lungs Inflammation
    - - Negative Strand Virus that comes from Orthomyxoviridae
        
        Flu A
        
        Flu B
        
        Flu C
        
        Thogotovirus
        
        ISA virus
- - - - Inactivated influenza vaccines(IIVs)
        
        measurement of protection after immunization with IIV
        
        Antibody responses to IIV
        
        cell-mediated immune responses to IIV
        
        IIV safety and contradictions
        
        IIV vaccine efficacy and effectiveness
        
        Routes of administration and dose
      - Live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs)
        
        Antibodies responses to LAIV
        
        LAIV safety, virus shedding, stability, transmission and adverse events post-immunization
        
        Cell-mediated immune response to LAIV
        
        Availability of LAIVs
        
        LAIV vaccine efficacy and effectiveness
        
        LAIV vaccine efficacy and effectiveness
        
        Immunological responses to LAIVs
      - Influenza vaccine use
        
        Influenza vaccine policy and programmatic use
        
        Future prospects for improving immune responses with new influenza vaccines