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Tundra (Plants (Arctic Moss, Arctic Willow, Bearberry, Caribou Moss,…
Tundra
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Adaptations
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The bodies of most animals are large with short limbs and tails helping them to retain heat within their body as much as possible.
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Animals like bears, arctic squirrels, and marmots hibernate through the winter season.
Smaller animals like lemmings and stoats dig holes, known as burrows and spend the cold season in there.
Many animals, especially birds, migrate away from the Tundra during the winter season, and come back during the brief summers.
Weather
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Winters here are long, and summers short, sometimes they last for only 6 - 10 weeks.
The tundra is the coldest and the driest of all the biomes on Earth. There is very little rainfall in the tundra; it rains less than ten inches a year.
Summer temperatures rarely get above 50°F (10°C), just enough to thaw the surface of the ground.
In the summer the soil becomes very soggy from melted snow and rain. The moisture sinks into the ground, which is called permafrost. The permafrost lies six inches below the ground, and is frozen for most of the year. The top layer of the permafrost thaws, but the bottom layer of gravel and finer material stays frozen all year which keeps moisture from rain on the surface of the ground.
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