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Causes of the Chinese Civil War (Long-term (Social (Lack of land for the…
Causes of the Chinese Civil War
Long-term
Ideological
The GMD's Three Principles
Nationalism
Democracy
People's Livelihood
Economic
High taxes for peasants
Poverty
Political
Power of the West
China divided into spheres of influence
Unequal treaties over trade, territory and sovereignity
Weak rule of the Manchu dynasty
Death of emperor, rule of Prince Chun
Territorial
China lost territory to Japan after the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
Social
Majority of population peasants
Lack of land for the growing population
Famines
Unemployment
Improved technology and cheap Western imports.
Short-term
Political
The warlord era 1916-1928
Regionalism
Lack of central government
The May Fourth Movement in 1919
Student demonstrations motivated by nationalist sentiment and hostility caused by the Versailles settlement
Ideological
Jiang Jieshi was against Communism
Massacres against Communists, the 'purification movement' ended with a quarter of a million people killed
The May Fourth Movement in 1919
Growing nationalism and desire for change
The warlord era led to an increase in nationalism
Territorial
The Versailles settlement - Japan was given Germany's former concessions in Shandong province.