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Ch. 1 The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology (Living Things (Metabolism…
Ch. 1 The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy
Study of form and structure
Subdivisions
Microscopic
Cytology
Histology
Macroscopic (gross)
Systemic
Regional
Surface
Comparative
Embryology
Specialized
Pathologic
Radiographic
Physiology
Study of mechanism and function
Subdisciplines
Cardiovascular
Neurophysiology
Respiratory
Reproductive
Pathophysiology
Interdependence
Structure determines function
Living Things
Organization
Metabolism
Anabolism (synthesis)
Catabolism (breaking down)
Growth and development
Responsiveness
Regulation
Reproduction
Organization
Cellular
Tissue
Chemical
Atom
Molecule
Macromolecule
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Organelle
Organ
Organ System
Integumentary
Skeletal
Nervous
Cardiovascular
Muscular
Respiratory
Lymphatic
Endocrine
Digestive
Urinary
Male reproductive
Female reproductive
Organism
Homeostasis
System
Stimulus
Changes in a variable that is regulated
Receptor
Detects stimulus, sends input information
Control center
Integrates input, initiates change, sends output information
Effector
Brings about change
Maintain consistent internal environment in response to internal or external conditions
Positive feedback
Negative feedback
Language
Planes
Coronal (frontal)
Transverse (horizontal)
Sagittal (midsagittal, parasagittal)
Oblique (angle)
Anatomical position
Cavities
Dorsal
Cranial
Vertebral
Ventral
Thoracic
Pleural
Parietal and visceral pleura
Mediastinum
Pericardial
Parietal and visceral pericardium
Abdominopelvic
Abdominal
Pelvic
Parietal and visceral peritoneum
Diaphragm
Directional terms
Anterior, posterior
Ventral, dorsal
Superior, inferior
Superficial, deep
Medial, lateral
Proximal, distal
Supine, prone
Ipsilateral, contralateral
Parietal, visceral
Regions