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CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP (LAWS- a system of rules that help keep everyone in…
CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP
DEMOCRACY- a democracy is system of government run by the people, for the people. In the most democratic societies, citizens are involved in the running of society by electing people who will represent them in government. Representatives of the people then develop policies and make laws on behalf of the people who have elected them.
DEMOCRATIC VALUES- democratic values are the beliefs and ideals that are held by our society as a democracy. Such values include respect, equality, freedom and fairness. It is important to understand democratic values when examining Australians political system. By understanding democratic values and their purpose, we can assess if a government is operating as a true democracy
RESPECT- treating others with consideration and valuing their values,rights and beliefs
EQUALITY- everyone is equal with no judgment on their sexuality, religion, age, level of education or race. All citizens have a right to the same opportunities
FAIRNESS- everyone treated fairly, or without injustice, and are given an equal opportunity ( a 'fair go' - in Australia)
FREEDOM- rights, privileges and responsibilities for all without interference, or control from governments or citizens
THE WESTMINSTER SYSTEM- Australia's system of government is based on the Westminster system. The Westminster system is a form of parliamentary government originating in the United Kingdom. It is named after the area of London where the British parliament is located
JUSTICE- the concept of justice can have many different definitions. The idea of Justice can mean different things from different societies and cultures. For some it might mean payback, while others it might mean that people should treat each other in a manner that is fair and balanced
LAWS- a system of rules that help keep everyone in control. If someone breaks the rule/law they will face certain consequences. A law before being called a law is classified as a bill.
LEGAL RULES- legal rules are passed down by parliament and have gone through the stages of being a bill before being passed as a law. EXAMPLE: I have to go to school
NON-LEGAL LAW- hasn't been passed by parliament and is classified as a rule, you won't get punished for breaking it. EXAMPLE: teacher catches you with your phone you've got to give it to her/him
STATUTORY LAW- laws made and passed parliament. Consequences for breaking statutory law are jail, fines and arrest
COMMON LAW- The role of a judge is to interpret the statutory laws passed by parliament and apply them to individual cases.
CRIMINAL LAW- Criminal law refers to the group of laws that have been put in place to protect us from harm.
CUSTOMARY LAW- Traditionally passed down by word of mouth, the customary law of Indigenous Australians varied between nations and language groups just like their languages and other customs.
CIVIL LAW- Civil law protects individuals. It typically deals with disputes between individua over an action that results in loss or harm
COURTS- a court is a room filled with people, the court usually involves a judge, a jury (12-18 random people called in to view the case being presented and give their verdict), a defendant (the party being accused of the crime), a prosecutor (the party trying to prove the defendant is guilty).
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FREEDOMS
FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT-
the right of individuals to travel from place to place within the territory of a country, and to leave the country and return to it.
FREEDOM OF SPEECH-
an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.
FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY-
ability of people to come together and collectively express, promote, pursue, and defend their collective or shared ideas.
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