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Proteins (Catalyzer (Some proteins have the ability to physically relate…
Proteins
Catalyzer
Some proteins have the ability to physically relate to other molecules. There for, they act as catalyzers in almost every chemical reaction.
Structure
Proteins have three different structures, witch are the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary
Storage
A number of proteins serve to store small molecules or ions; for example, ferritin binds iron and stores it in the liver.
Transport
Proteins are key molecules in the transport of substances both within a cell and to and from the cell.
Defence
Antibodies are proteins that recognise specific targets. This facility is critical for an immune response.
Regulation
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- Some proteins are regulated by the non-covalent binding of small molecules, such as amino acids or nucleotides, that cause a change in the conformation and thus, the activity of the protein.
- Some proteins are regulated by phosphorylation (the addition of phosphate groups) of specific amino acids on the protein. Since phosphorylation is reversible, this process serves as a handy on-off switch.
- Some proteins are regulated by interactions among the polypeptides making up the protein, or between the protein and other proteins in the cell.
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Receptors
Receptor proteins are located in the two‐dimensional environment of the cell membrane, an environment that promotes essential functional interactions among receptors, with membrane‐associated signaling proteins