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THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES. GERMANIC KINGDOMS AND THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (2 THE…
THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES. GERMANIC KINGDOMS AND THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE
1 THE MIDDLE AGES
STAGES AND CIVILISATION
1.1 The Early Middle Ages and its stages
In the 3rd century the germanic tribes remained on the other side of the Rhine and Danuel river and began infiltrating in the Roman empire
In 395 the Emperor Theodosius divided the Empire into two parts inorder to defends for alls ataks
Western Roman Empire
They endured inbasions from the Germanic tribes
Visigoths
Suevi
Vandals
Alans
Finaly in 476 the Germanic tribes called Heruli and disappeared.
They territoryes were divided into diferent Germanic kingdoms
Eastern Roman Empire
The Middle ages started in 476 to 1453-92 with the " discovery of America"
Early Middle Ages
From 5 century to 10 century
High Middle Ages
From 11 century to 13century
Late Middle Ages
From 14 century to 15century
2 THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE (1). GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
2.1 Historical evolution
6th century
The empire reached its peak with Justinian I (527-565)
The Emperor wont restore the Roman empire and conquere the Mediterranean coast
with Justiniand death most of the territories were lost
7th century
Muslins conquere the riches provinces
Middle of yhe 11th century
Byzantium underwent a deep crisis
2.2 Goverment and administration
Goverment
the Byzantine Empire fell to the emperor
Who from 7th century adopted Greak title of Basileus
The emperor had all the power.
In order to govern he wos helped by civil cervants
Administration
was organised into provinces goverment bya political and military head
2.3 The Byzantine economy
Agriculture
Was the basis of the Byzantine economy
Craftspeople
Made luxury material, such as sik enamels ...
Commerce
Constantinople had a strategic position located between Europe and Asia, and the Mediterranean and Black sea
3 THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE(2) SOCIETY AND ART
3.1 Byzantine society
Basileus
Upper class
Nobels
Middle class
The Chergys:
Civil servans
Wealthy businessmen
Free farmers
Lower class
While serfs
Slaves
3.2 The Church and its problems
1.- Iconoclastic Controversy:
Began when some Emperor prohibited the worship of images.
He wanted to rediuce the power of monasteries and take the control of their assets.
The prohibition unleshed serious problems between 8 and 9 centuries
2.- East-Weast Schims:
Coused the ribalry between Constantinople and the people of rome
It ended on 1054 with the separation of Western or Roman Church and the East church. The latter that it to by called Orthodox Church, extended its area to Easterm Europe
It help large states and it controlled spiritual aspects
Nevetheless, it faced two serious problems:
4 THE SETLEMENT OF THE GERMANIC TRIBES IN THE WEST
4.1 The germanic kingdom
Between the 5th and 8th centuries, the Germanic tribes disappeared.
They territoryes were divided into diferent Germanic kingdom within their territory
Ostrogoths
They settled in Italy at the end of the 5th century under the command of Theodoric.
Lombars
In the 6th century created a kingdom throughout the Po River valley, that nowon is in Italy
Angles and the Saxons
They come fromDenmark and the Netherlands
4.2 The consequences of settlement
Settlement of the Germanic tribes had political, economic, social, economic and culturan consequencen
Political
The disappearence of the Western Roman Empire and all the terrytoryes divided into small independent Kingdom. the few people of German consolidate political power
Economic
The crisis that started began. agriculture become the most important activity. Autarchy= They produce everything they needed. The cities and civic activities last important. they were reduced to they rolling class
Social
The Germanic militaries prevailed over the rest of the people. The middle class lost important. There were more slaves.
Culturan
Cultural crisis. Great buildings replaced by small charges.
5 THE GERMANIC KINGDOMS (1). THE VISIGOTHS
5.1 Historical evolution
The Visigothic kingdom of Toulose(418-507)
(440-484)
After the fire of the Last Roman Empire the Visigothic estabilished a kingdom with the capital in Toledo
(507)
His Successor Alaric II was defetated and died at the hands of the Franks in the battle of Valliere
The Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo(507-711)
(569)
King Leoviglid subjunted the Suevi, Cantabrians and Asturians
(589)
Conbeted into catholics in the Third Concile of Toledo
(654)
The book of laws was created
(711)
Defeat by the muslims in Guadalete
5.2 The way of life of the Visigoths
6 THE GERMANIC KINGDOMS(2). THE FRANKS AND THE CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE
6.1 Historical evolution. From kingdom to empire
6.2 The Carolingian way og life
6.3 Culture and art