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A man was deep frying a turkey in an outdoor fryer. He dropped the frozen…
A man was deep frying a turkey in an outdoor fryer. He dropped the frozen turkey into the large tub of boiling hot oil and it exploded oil all over him.
Downstream
Patient's burned areas- head (front), left/right arms, abdomen, hands, chest.
Burns
Arms- from shoulders to fingers covered in blisters.
Forehead- red and tender
Chest and Abdomen- plan gray-white, with little swelling or pain.
Pain
Arms- numbness, redness, skin peeling, blisters, shock, swelling
Forehead- swelling, peeling, redness
Chest- numbness, swelling, possible blisters
Concerned about infection, dehydration and body temperature due to- Skin color being gray-white, blisters.
about 32% of body parts burned- fluid loss, surface area burned, water loss through damaged skin, heat loss through burned area.
Doctor concerned of dehydration (water balance) due to water loss through burned areas
Doctor concerned of body temperature (regulation) due to heat loss through burned area.
Doctor concerned of infection due to blisters, blisters can burst and can get infected if not cleaned. and also infection shows through swelling and redness of skin. Open burns can get infected if not cleaned.
Blisters- may be infected if not treated.
Head (front) - 4.5%
Left Arm- 4.5%
Right Arm- 4.5%
Trunk- 18%
Considered a critical burn due to- Very painful blisters, chest and abdomen are pale gray-white in color, swelling and pain.
Problems likely to face- fluid loss, blisters, infection, low blood volume, breathing problems
Future problems- pain, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder.
Background
Degree Burns
1st Degree - Pain and reddening of the epidermis (outer layer of skin) epidermal damage only. Redness, swelling, and pain.
2nd Degree- Epidermal and upper dermal damage (partial thickness burns). Pain, redness, swelling, and blistering.
3rd Degree- full thickness burns, go through the dermis and affect deeper tissue. Skin turns gray-white, cherry red or black and may be numb.
Rule of Nines- Head front/back, right arm front/back, left arm front/back, Genitalia, trunk front/back, right leg front/back, left leg front/back (100% total)
Head front- 4.5%, back 4.5%
Right arm front- 4.5%, back 4.5%
trunk front 18%, back 18%
Left arm front- 4.5%, back 4.5%
Right leg front- 9%, back 9%
Left leg front- 9%, back 9%
Genitalia- 1%
Add up burned areas to give a estimation of the percent of body surface affected by a burn.
Critical burn injury- Critical burns are 3rd degree burns, 2nd degree burns may also be critical but can be relatively minor. Some 2nd degree and all 3rd degree burns are critical.
Critical due to- all the layers of the skin are burned, also muscle, fat, bone and other tissues are temporarily or permanently affected. a 3rd degree burn and some 2nd degree burns require medical attention.
Damage blood vessels, causing fluids to escape the body can result in low blood volume. Can prevent the heart from pumping enough blood through your body.
Integumentary System
Skin
Skin appendages- Hair and Hair Follicles, Nails, Sweat Glands, Oil Glands
act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world.
retain body fluids, protect against disease, eliminate waste products, and regulate body temperature.
Maintain homeostasis by protecting, temperature regulation, sensory reception, biochemical synthesis and absorption.
Layers
Epidermis
Stratum Corneum- consists of remains of keratinocytes; mostly composed of the protein, keratin.
Stratum Lucidum- thin clear layer of dead skin cells in the epidermis.
Stratum Granulosum- One to five layers of flattened cells, organelles deteriorating.
Stratum Spinosum- Several layers of keratinocytes joined by desmosomes. Cells contain thick bundles of intermediate filaments made of pre-keratin.
Stratum Basale- Deepest epidermal layer; one row od actively biotic stem cells.
Dermis
Papillary Zone- consists of loose areolar connective tissue containing collagen and fine elastic fibers. Connects the epidermis to the thicker and denser reticular zone of the dermis.
Reticular Zone- contains dense, irregular and coarse collagen fibers and thick elastic fibers interspersed with fibroblasts and blood vessels and nerves
Regions
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, Hair, Nails, Oil Gland, Sweat Gland, skin color
Nails- Nail fold, lunule, free edge of nail, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), proximal nail fold, nail root, nail matrix, Hyponychium, Nail bed, Phalanx (bone of fingertip)
Hair- hair follicle, hair root, hair shaft, medulla, hair bulb, matrix, papilla, cortex, internal/external root sheath.
Oil gland- Hair root in hair follicle, sebaceous gland, dermal connective tissue, secretory cells, duct, sebum, follicle, skin surface
Sweat gland- sweat pore, sweat gland, apocrine, eccrine, apoeccrine, secretory cells.
Skin color- Melanin, Melanoid, Carotene, Hemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin.
Upstream
Man dropping turkey into the tub of boiling hot oil. (Direct)
Man was not wearing proper clothing or protection (indirect)