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Infant patient previously diagnosed with circulatory problems and anemia.…

- - - - The Nucleus
      - Ribosome
      - Golgi apparatus
      - centrioles
      - Mitochondria
      - Peroxisome
      - lysosome
      - cell membrane
      - endoplasmic reticulum
      - chromatin
    - - The Plasma membrane - outer boundary of the cell
      - The Cytoplasm - intracellular fluid packed with organelles.
      - The Nucleus - located within the cells center .
    - - Proteins - amino acids
      - Nucleic Acids -Nucleotides
      - Lipids - glycerol and fatty acids
      - Carbohydrates -Monosacharides
    - - Nitrogenous bases in Nucleotides - Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thyme
      - The DNA molecule is a polymer of Nucleotides.
      - Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids and are composed of three molecules. A nitrogenous base, five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group
    - - Amino acids are the basic units of protein
      - Key elements of an amino acid - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen.
    - - Amino acids are joined together by covalent bonds that form linear structures called polypeptides.
      - A peptide bond is a type of covalent bond between a carboxyl group and an amino acid group.
      - covalent bonds occurs when elements share electrons by sharing their outer most shell and to achieve octet rule.
      - Ionic bonds are the complete transfer of valence electrons where one element loses and the other gains electrons to achieve octet rule
      - Hydrogen Bonds - a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction
    - - Primary - Specific sequence of amino acids that combine by undergoing dyhydration reaction that results in a peptide bond.
      - Secondary - Amino acid sequence of a polypeptide folds into a more compact structure forming a helix structure that has a polypeptide back bone.
      - Tertiary - polypeptide forms and refolds to assume three-dimensional shape called tertiary structure
      - Quaternary - contain more than one polypeptide and adopt a tertiary structure and then assemble via intermolecular interactions. Over all structure of a protein from polypeptide subunits.
  - - - Cytoplasm - holds organelles in place, mostly water and salt, and keeps cell structure.
      - Cell Membrane - primary function is to protect cell, permeable to ions and organic molecules.
      - The Nucleus - functions in DNA replication and contains genetic material.
    - - Chromatin - packaging of DNA, protects DNA structure and sequence.
      - cell membrane - primary function is to protect cell, permeable to ions and organic molecules.
      - Centrioles - function in formation of spindle fibers that separate chromosomes during cell division
      - Ribosomes - creation of proteins
      - Nucleus - controls gene expression and replication of DNA
      - Golgi apparatus - sorting and packaging of proteins for secretion, transport of lipids, creation of lysosomes
      - Lysosomes - stomach of the cell, eliminate excess or old organelles and viruses
      - Endoplasmic reticulum - functions in protein synthesis
    - - Proteins - functions in enzymes, hormones, and structural.
      - Lipids - store energy. function in cell membranes and hormones
      - Nucleotides - store genetic information, building blocks of nucleic acid.
      - Carbohydrates - energy storage
- - - - sickle cell anemia is an inherited form of anemia, unhealthy blood cells do not carry sufficient oxygen throughout the body.
        
        possible organ damage due to insufficient transport of oxygen to organs and cells.
    - - Patient will need consistent therapy and constant pain in back, knees, kegs, and arms
      - sickled red blood cells block small blood vessels that carry blood to the bones
    - - sickle cells block arteries and insufficient oxygen to heart or brain leads to strokes
        
        Patient will need therapy and constant medical attention.