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Cholera (Prevention and treatment images (Antibiotics usually are used in…
Cholera
Symptoms
Cholera causes severe diarrhea and vomiting that rapidly lead to dehydration and even death after a few hours.
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Low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, fever, low or no urine output, unusual sleepiness or tiredness are some other symptoms of cholera
Prevention and treatment
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The main treatment for cholera is fluid and electrolyte replacement, both oral and IV.
Provision of safe water and sanitation is critical to control the transmission of cholera and other waterborne diseases.
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Statistics
Researchers have estimated that each year there are 1.3 million to 4.0 million cases of cholera, and 21 000 to 143 000 deaths worldwide due to it.
In Africa alone, 40
to 80 million people live in cholera hotspots.
Due to the poor health service caused by the ongoing civil war, Yemen is going through the worst cholera outbreak in history, with more than 1.000.000 cases.
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The severity of the disease is higher if a population is compromised by poor nutrition or has a high percentage of very young or elderly people.
Transmission
Cholera is most frequently transmitted by water sources contaminated with the causative bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
Contaminated foods, especially raw shellfish, may also transmit the cholera-causing bacteria.
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