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What are the major Endocrine organs? (Hypothalamus (Corticotropin…
What are the major Endocrine organs?
Hypothalamus
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
Stimulates release of ACTH
Targets anterior pituitary
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Stimulates release of gonaditropic hormone
Targets anterior pituitary
Somatostatin
Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone
Targets the anterior pituitary
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
Stimulates release of growth hormone
Targets anterior pituitary
Prolactin release-inhibiting hormone
Acts in opposition to PRH to inhibit release of prolactin
Targets anterior pituitary
Prolactin-releasing factor
Stimulates the release of prolactin
Targets anterior pituitary
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Stimulates anterior pituitary to release TSH
Targets anterior pituitary
Pituitary
Anterior
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Releases cortisol or aldosterone
Targets adrenal glands
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Targets testes or ovaries
Sperm (male) or ovum (female)
Growth hormone
Growth + raises metabolism
Targets bones and muscles
Luteinizing hormone
Testosterone (male) or progesterone (female)
Targets testes or ovaries
Prolactin
Milk production
Targets mammary glands
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Releases thyroxine
Targets Thyroid
Posterior
Antidiuretic hormone
Promotes water retention
Targets the kidney
Oxytocin
Contractions + release of milk
Targets uterus and mammary glands
The Ovaries
Estrogen
Egg production + secondary sex characteristics
Targets ovaries
Progesterone
Prevents contractions + controls uterine lining
Targets uterus
Thyroid
Calcitonin
Inhibits release of calcium + promotes absorption by kidneys
Targets kidneys and bones
Thyroxine
Increases metabolism + regulates growth and development
Targets body cells
Triiodothyronine
Parathyroids
Parathyroid hormone
Stimulates bones to release calcium + intestines to absorb calcium + kidneys to absorb calcium
Targets bones, intestines and kidneys
Adrenals
Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine
Raises blood sugar + heart rate + breathing rate
Targets blood
Norepinephrine
Raises blood sugar + heart rate + breathing rate
Targets blood
Adrenal Cortex
Aldosterone
Promotes absorption of sodium and water
Targets kidneys
Cortisol
Raises blood sugar + breaks down protein
Targets liver and muscles
Pineal Body
The Testes
Testosterone
Sperm production + secondary sex characteristics
Pancreas
Glucagon
Lowers blood pressure
Targets liver
Insulin
Lowers blood sugar
Targets liver and muscles
Somatostatin