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Motivation (Why people Work? (McClelland's theory of needs image (Need…

- - - - More persistence on difficult tasks
      - Work harder and successful at their work than those in lower in achievement motivation
      - Give them challenging tasks, with achievable goals.
      - appreciate bonuses, praise, and recognition given as feedback for good performance
      - Cultural differences
        
        Americans tend to see achievement as the result of individual talent, determination, intelligence, or attitude. : emphasize individualism
        
        collectivism: values group loyalty and subordination of self to the group
    - - A cooperative, rather than competitive, environment is best.
      - Find opportunities for these employees to work with others in teams, rather than at socially isolated workstations.
    - - more positive sense of using authority to plan projects and manage people, to get a job done.
        
        Give them the opportunity to manage projects or lead work teams.
        
        encourage power-oriented workers to become leaders who help their subordinates satisfy their own needs.
- - - - calorie-dense snacks and fast foods are making people fatter all over the world
- - - - operates mainly at an unconscious level, where it quickly screens incoming stimuli and helps us respond quickly to potentially dangerous events, even before they reach consciousness.
      - Iinks to implicit memory
      - a slow-to-forget system, making it hard to extinguish the anxieties and fears that sometimes blossom into more serious problems known as phobias
        
        survival advantages for our ancestors, because it made them more likely to remember dangerous situations
      - relies mostly on deep-brain circuitry—especially in the limbic system—that operates automatically, without requiring deliberate conscious control
    - - Links to explicit memory
      - involves cerebral cortex
  - - - A portion of the brain, located in the midline, toward the lower(ventral) region of the frontal lobes.
        
        • mixes external stimulation and conscious memory with the body’s “gut” reaction
    - - feelings of reward
      - give us good feelings when we experience positive emotions
      - becomes highly active, releasing dopamine, when we listen to our favorite music or see a romantic partner