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Tissues and Primary Growth of Stem (Dermal Tissue (Stomata are found in…
Tissues and Primary Growth of Stem
Vascular Tissue
Xylem
Responsible for carrying food and minerals
Vessels
Tracheids
Phloem
Conducting food from leaves to the plant parts
Sieve tubes
Companion cells
Dermal Tissue
Stomata are found in dermal tissue, it is the outer covering
Secrete a waxy cuticle, prevents water loss
Composed of epidermal cells
Ground Tissue
Collenchyma
provide support for primary tissues
No secondary cell wall
Alive at functional maturity
Have thicker cell walls
Sclerenchyma
Support and protect mature plant parts without restraining
Fibers
long, slender and tapered. usually occur in groups
Use for making rope and weaving linen
Sclereids
Shorter than fibers, irregular in shape
Provides hardness to nutshell, seed coats and gritty texture to pear fruit
Parenchyma
Comprise soft primary growth
Thin primary cell wall and large central vacuole
Generally alive at functional maturity
Least specialized cell type
Meristematic Tissue (Ability to divide)
Apical Meristem
Characteristics
Helps in the division for growth of roots and stem
Found in tips of roots and stems
Vertical columns, no vacuole and large nucleus
Ground meristem
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Procambium
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Protoderm
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Lateral Meristem
characteristics
Growth in width of stems divides to form vascular tissue
Found in sides of stems and roots
Vertical columns ,no vacuole and large nucleus
Intercalary Meristem
Found between tip and base of stem and leaves
Helps in growth, increase length between nodes
organization of stem
Internal organization
peridermis
Cambium
Epidermis
Cortex
Pith
external organization
Nodes and internodes
Leaf scar and bundle scar
Terminal and lateral buds
Lenticels
broken epidermis
Loosely arranged cells that allows gas exchange
Synthesize organic compound and store starch
Vessels, transport materials
Tubular structure, helps in transportation
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Types
