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Chemical bonding- force that holds 2 atoms together. formed by sharing…
Chemical bonding- force that holds 2 atoms together. formed by sharing electrons.
Ionic Compounds
Metallic Bonds- the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons.
The physical properties of metals can be explained by metallic bonding. These properties provide evidence of the strength of metallic bonds.
Ionic Bonds- the complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms
Many ionic compounds are binary, which means that they contain only two different elements.
Binary ionic compounds contain a metallic cation and a nonmetallic anion.
Ion Formation- when atoms lose or gain electrons to fulfill octet rule.
cation- an ion that has a positive charge
A cation forms when an atom loses one of more valence electrons in order to become stable.
anion- an ion that has a negative charge
The anion and cation are attracted to each other because of their opposite charges
Quantum model: current model to represent describe an atom
Orbitals
p orbital
penut
families 13-18
s orbital
sun
families 1 and 2
Lewis dot diagrams: a representation on how many valence electrons there are in an element
Electron Configuration: a representation on how many electrons are in each sub level
Aufbau Principle: electrons fill the lowest energy level before moving any higher
Covalent Compounds
Covalent bonds - A chemical bond in which an element shares an electron with another element
In a covalent bond, the shared electrons are considered to be part of the outer energy levels of both atoms involved(The shared electron is a valence electron of both atoms)
Covalent bonds generally form between two non-metallic atoms. Covalent bonds form Molecules
In a Lewis Structure, a pair of vertical dots between the element's symbol represents a single covalent bond
Electronegativity and polarity
Electronegativity - indicates the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
Polarity - chemical bonds in which electrons are shared unequally
The shape of a molecule depends whether or not the molecule is polar after a polar covalent bond