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Defining Mental Health (Differences (Syndrome (A particular profile of…
Defining Mental Health
Differences
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Disease
A condition with a known cause, predictable course and standard protocols for treatment (e.g. malaria; Alzheimer's disease; dementia)
Disorder
a set of symptoms that interfere with daily functioning. Symptoms are reasonably consistent between two patients but origins/causes may differ (e.g. PTSD; major depression)
It is really important that the correct terms are used consistently and appropriately for identifying metal illness. Systems for naming/identifying mental illnesses have been developed to improve consistency. (i.e. International Classification of Diseases (ICD); Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM))
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Mental Health Continuum
Mental Health Problems
Temporary periods of interruption to daily functioning bought on by setbacks and situations currently being experienced
Mental Disorder
More serious and long-lasting with a recogniseable set of symptoms and behaviours that require treatment to be alleviated
Mentally Healthy
A state of emotional and social well-being in which individuals realise their own abilities, can cope with stress and be productive in society
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Dimensions vs Categories
Recent approaches to classifying mental illness are moving towards a "dimensional" approach, believing that symptoms are not all or nothing → e.g. the term "depressed" or "anxious" covers a huge range of emotional responses → Symptoms are viewed on a continuum rather than just present or absent
The DSM
Descriptive and looks at the onset, course and persistence of symptoms. It does not specify causes or give specific treatments. It has evolved from 106 disorders in DSM I (1952) to 380+ in DSM V (2013)
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Positive Psychology
Turn away from looking at what is wrong with people and change focus to how to enrich our lives and harness human strengths. Four major principles: Rise to life's challenges; Engage and relate to other people; Find fulfilment in creativity and productivity; Look beyond yourself and help others
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