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ACUTE ACUTE RENAL FAILURE FAILURE (SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS (Shortness of…
ACUTE 
FAILURE
DEFINITION
Reduction in functioning of kidney caused by a decline in the glomerular filtration rate leading to acute tubular necrosis.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
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Fluid retention causing inflammation in legs, ankles and feet.
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CAUSES
Occurs if you have a condition that slows the process of blood flow entering the kidneys to be slow.
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The kidneys urine drainage tubes (ureters) become obstructed and wastes can't be eliminated through the urine.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Kidneys are not able to eliminate waste products from the blood leading to dangerous levels of wastes get contained.
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DIAGNOSIS
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URINE TESTS
Examining a sample of the urine through urinalysis may show abnormalities that may indicate kidney failure.
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
Monitoring intake and output, oedema, breathing sounds, weight and distention of neck veins
Skin that is oedematous is prone to breaking down and itchyness and can be managed by using emollients.
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All fluids, food and medication should be observed to exclude sources of hidden potassium.
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TREATMENT
Peritoneal dialysis and intermittent haemodialysis is done to clean the blood and tissues of uraemic waste products.
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Low levels of Dopamine are administered to stimulate alpha beta dopaminergic receptors and help with renal blood flow.