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Chapter 4: Intro to The Cell (Parts of The Cell (II) Nucleus (Contains…
Chapter 4: Intro to The Cell
Microscopes
Resolution
: A measure of the clarity of an image, the ability of an instrument to show two nearby objects as separate
Light Microscope
Visible light passes through a specimen, then through glass lenses, and finally projected into the viewer's eye
Specimens can be magnified up to 1000 times
Magnification
: The increase in an object's image size compared to its actual size
Electron Microscope
Must take place in a vacuum
resolves biological structures as small as 2 nonometers
Electrons are controlled using magnets
Magnifies up to 100,000 times
Uses a beam of electrons instead of light to view specimens
can only view dead specimens
Scanning EM
: Scans the outside of the specimen creating a 3D image
Transmission EM
: shoots a beam of electrons through a specimen showing the internal structure
Parts of The Cell
II)
Nucleus
Contains most of the cell's DNA
Controls the cell's activities with protein synthesis by making mRNA
DNA is organized into Chromosomes when the cell is dividing
When the cell isn't dividing the DNA is in a long, stringy form called chromatin
I)
Plasma Membrane
: Forms a flexible boundary between the living cell and its surroundings
Proteins embedded inside the membrane
Fluid Mosaic Model
Formed from a phospholipid bilayer
Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
Cell Theory