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1.1 Factors Influencing Temp & Rainfall (Precipitation (MESO…
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LOCAL
- Topography
- Coastal topography results in spatial variations of rainfall btwn windward & leeward
- Kerala on the windward side of Western Ghats (in Cochin India) receives 10,000mm of ppt but leeward Bellary receives <100cm
Extent of Influence:
- Scale: macro, meso, local
- Space: influences whole tropics or certain climates only
- Time: seasonal + permanent + past climates
Past Climates
- Rainfall patterns in Pleisto was influenced by Milankovitch Cycles
- Warmer, wetter pluvial conditions in tropics
GLOBAL
- Hadley Cell ITCZ
- Greatest influence over broad rainfall variations esp in Af & BWh/BSh
- ENSO
- Leads to rainfall anomalies of excess ppt or droughts
- However, episodic & irregular thus not as significant as monsoons w regular frequency or ITCZ
- Largely localized atmo circulation
- Mean temp, DTR, ATR