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why didn't everyone benefit from the boom? (small farmers (price of…
why didn't everyone benefit from the boom?
small farmers
30 million people earned a living through farming
more than 3 million farming families earned $1000 a year
not all farmers suffered
wealthy ones prospered
had to sell their land
couldn't afford to pay their rent/mortage
were evicted
price of grain collapsed
during the war, farmers sold their crops to europe
after the war, farmers in europe could produce their own food
after the war, demand fell
wealthy ones, in california and florida, prospered greatly
price of grain collapsed
canadian farmers were supplying grain to the world
american farmers competed against them
were replaced by machines
between 1920 and 1930, the number of farmers fell for the first time in american history
old industries
coal
was replaced by oil, gas and electricity
trade unions collapsed, because non-union workers charged less
there was overproduction, so prices dropped and wages fell
strikes: 600 000 workers went on strike in 1922 for better working conditions during 4 months with no avail
working standards were low
cotton
wool
copper
tin
in 1926, there was a strike in north carolina where women were paid $9 a week and men were paid $18 a week, at a time when $40 was the average weekly wage in new york
new immigrants
1500 immigrants allowed per year in 1929
no asians allowed in 1929
red scare
belief that anarchists and communists were trying to ruin the american way of life
sacco and vanzetti
14th of july 1921: veredict was announced (guilty)
august 1927: died on electric chair
reported in newspapers all over the world
at a time when rich americans controlled newspapers
tried to convince the world that sacco and vanzetti weren't guilty
worked in constructions
wages only rose 4%
blacks
many factories (such as cars) had all-whites policies
in a northern city, 60% of black women worked as low-paid maids in white households.
three-quarters of a million blacks lost their jobs in the 1920s
went north: by the end of the decade, 25% of blacks were living in the north
in 1928, 42% of americans were living below the poverty line.