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Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis (Environmental and Internal Factors…
Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis
Energy and Reducing Power
Energy Carriers
Energized pigments can enter into only 2 chemical reactions
Ways of transporting energy from energized pigments include:
allowing energized pigment to enter every reaction necessary.
Con: Energized pigments are too larger, too energetic, and not mobile enough to move across the membrane.
Allow energized pigments to make one or several smaller, less energetic molecules.
ADP, ATP, Substrate-level Phosphorylation
Reducing Power
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Ability to force electrons onto compounds
Oxidation- Loss of electrons
Oxidizing Agents- Compounds that take electrons away from another molecule
Reduction- Gain of electrons
Compounds placing electrons onto another molecule
Other Electron Carriers
Cytochromes
Plastoquinones
Plastocyanin
FAD+, NAD+
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Photosynthesis
Light-Dependent Reactions
Critical Pigment: Chlorophyll a
Takes place in thylakoid membrane
Photosystem 1 "P700" Contains little chlorophyll b
Photosystem 2: Contains chlorophyll b levels almost equal to chlorophyll a
Chemiosmotic phosphorylation
Synthesis of ATP from ADP
Stroma Reactions
Anabolic Metabolism
Constructive metabolism
Environmental and Internal Factors
Light
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3 important properties
Quality: refers to colors or wavelengths the light contains
Quantity: refers to the light intensity or brightess
Duration: refers to the number of hours per day that sunlight is available
Leaf Structure
Palisade Parenchyma
Spongy Mesophyll
Minimize water loss; reduce external surface by means of cylindrical leaves or leaf cells are packed together without inter-cellular space.
Water
Water conservation via C4 metabolism and crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)
C4 Metabolism
Occurs in leaves with Kranz anatomy
AKA C4 Photosynthesis
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
Metabolic reaction to conserve water
Advantageous in hot, dry climates
Present in cactus family
A look inside a chloroplast
This is an image of kranz anatomy
A diagram of how the photosystems work together
Light is a driving factor for these reactions
FAD+ and NAD+ are e- carries in photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a series of redox reactions
