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1.3 Volcanic Eruptions (cone volcanoes (high viscosity lava. thick and…
1.3 Volcanic Eruptions
volcanic activity
volcanoes can be classified as:
active
dormant
extinct
95% of volcanoes occur at tectonic plate boundaries
shield volcanoes
low viscosity lava. flows easliy
effusive eruptions: fluid lava flows and lava fountains
cone volcanoes
high viscosity lava. thick and doesn't flow easily
explosive eruptions: thick lava plugging up vent + accumulation of gasses= huge pressures
explosions consist mostly of gases, dust and rock
explosive eruptions
they can cause many dangers such as:
explosive pressure wave
poisonus gases
common gases released by volcanoes are: steam, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride
acid rain
pyroclastic flow
much more than a landslide: hot rock and ash mixed with gas an super hot steam.
average of 800 celsius
moves 100km/hr to 700km/hr
volcanic winter
volcanic ash and gas particles increase albedo high in the atmosphere which reflect heat so the earth is cooler
less sunglight= less plant growth and agriculture
benefits of volcanoes
they collect water from the atmosphere
rich volcanic soil containing nutrients and minerals