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Chapter 1: Intro (Characteristics of Life (3) Energy processing…
Chapter 1: Intro
Characteristics of Life
3) Energy processing
Producers/ Autotrophs
"Self-Feeder"
Consumers/ Heterotrophs
"Other-Feeder"
4) Growth and Development
Growth = Size
Development = complexity
5) Reproduction
Asexual
1 Parent
Clone offspring
Sexual
2 Parents
Unique offspring
2) Regulation
Homeostasis: The ability to regulate internal body conditions
6) Respnse to Enviornment
Stimulus: any signal from the environment which causes a response
Internal
External
1) Order
Cells
Unicellular vs. Multicellular
Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
Prokaryote
Smaller
No Nucleus
Simpler
Eukaryote
Complex
DNA in a nucleus
Bigger
7) Evolutionary Adaptation
Overtime, living organisms can evolve to the changing environment
Adaptation: Heritable traits which increase an organisms ability to survive and reproduce
What is Biology?
The Power and Limitations of Reductionism
Reductionism: The reduction of complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study
An understanding of Biology must Balance Reductionism and Emergent Properties
Levels of Biology
Organs/Organ Systems>
Organism>
Tissues>
Populations>
Cells>
Communities>
Organelles>
Ecosystems>
Molecules>
THE BIOSPHERE!!!!!
Atoms>
Emergent Properties: result from arrangements and interactions
of parts within a system
System: Multiple parts that work together
You cannot define life with one simple definition.
Scientific Method
4) Experiment (Controlled)
Independent Variable: The variables the scientist is deliberately changing
Dependent Variable: The variable which the scientist is measuring to see if/how it will change in response to the IV
Control Variable: Variables that are kept constant between the experimental group and the control group
5) Data
Data: Any Observation or info that is collected from an experiment
Comes from measuring the DV
Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Qualitative
Characteristics
Quantitative
Numbers
3) Hypothesis
Hypothesis: A statement which relates two variables and can be tested
NOT a prediction
If (DV) is related to (IV), then...
6) Analyze Data
2) Inference
Inference: a logical explanation of an observation based on previous knowledge
7) Form Conclusion
1) Observation
Made using the 5 senses
Turned into a question using "Why?" or "How?"