customers dislike the product and may even pay a price to avoid it
(Eq. Heart Attack checking / Insurance)

customers may share a strong need that can't be satisfied by an existing product (Eq. wanting to buy a new computer with a better battery)

consumers begin to buy the product less frequently or not at all
(Eq. packaged drinking water, people have begun to prefer tap water "environment friendly"

consumers purchases vary on a seasonal, monthly, weekly, daily or even hourly basis (Eq. umbrellas/ back to school) ,

Consumers are adequately buying all products put into the marketplace (Eq. Medicine)

Consumers may be attracted to products that have undesirable social consequences (Eq. cigarette/ Alcohol)

Face-to-face situations / unstructured interview/specific questions

To gain insights into consumer's values, motives, attitudes or needs that are difficult to express or identify

An individual is asked to respond with the first thing that comes to mind

Small number of people with similar backgrounds and/or interests and brought together to discuss a particular product, idea or issue

Services cant be seen, tasted, felt, heard or smelled b before purchase "without adequate information"

Quality of services depends on who provides them and when/where/how

5. Discount Store - standard merchandise sold at lower price for low margins

4. Convenience Store - fast moving products (groceries/food)

3.Supermarket large, low-cost/ high volume/ self-service with wide offering

Owner lacks technical & standardization

Professionally managed / Corporate backed hypermarkets and retail chains