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FRACTURES AND MANAGEMENT (Prevent Complications of Immobility (Frequent…
FRACTURES AND MANAGEMENT
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Tibial Shaft
Method Of Immobiization
Long Leg plaster cast
Casting
Closed reduction should be performed initially for any fracture that is displaced, shortened, or angulated. This is achieved by applying traction to the long axis of the injured limb, reversing the mechanism of injury/fracture, and finally immobilizing the limb through casting or splinting. Splints and casts can be made from fiberglass or plaster of Paris. Barriers to accomplishing reduction include soft-tissue interposition at the fracture site and hematoma formation that create tension in the soft tissues.
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Steinmann Pin
Skeletal traction
In skeletal traction, a pin (eg, a Steinmann pin) is placed through a bone distal to the fracture. Weights are applied to this pin, and the patient is placed in an apparatus to facilitate traction and nursing care. Skeletal traction is most commonly used in femur fractures: A pin is placed in the distal femur (see the image below) or proximal tibia 1-2 cm posterior to the tibial tuberosity. Once the pin is placed, a Thomas splint is used to achieve balanced suspension.
Specific Nursing Care
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Assist active toe ,foot and ankle exercises when the plaster cast has been removed
Patts Fracture
Method of Immobilization
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Internal fixation:screw,pin or bone plate
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Fracture Of The Hip
Method Of Immobiization
Implanting
An implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing biological structure, support a damaged biological structure, or enhance an existing biological structure.
Orthosis
a medical specialty that focuses on the design and application of orthoses. An orthosis (plural: orthoses) is "an externally applied device used to modify the structural and functional characteristics of the neuromuscular and skeletal system
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Mishandling Of Fractures
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If bone ends are disturbed –they disrupt healing process, resulting in permanent disability
Arteries and nerves which run parallel to bones in arms and legs, could resulting in severing of an artery or major nerve, a fatal bleed or paralysis
Diagnosis
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Blood chemical studies, FBC, coagulation studies
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Emergency Care
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Injuries of the neck and back -long board & neck collar to protect the spinal cord from potential injury.
Medical Management
Pain –narcotics initially, then mild analgesics
Anti-inflammatories, e.g. Ibuprofen, Voltaren
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Anti-coagulants –to prevent DVT, e.g. Heparin, Warfarin