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the pelvic (pelvic viscera(臟器) (Peritoneal reflections (腹膜反摺) (膀胱…
the pelvic
pelvic viscera(臟器)
生殖器
男性：輸精囊尾端和儲精囊癒合成射精管進入攝護腺
直腸
膀胱、輸尿管
Blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics
Peritoneal reflections (腹膜反摺)
膀胱
Paravesical fossa (膀胱旁窩)
Ureteric fold (輸尿管褶)
Supravesical fossa (膀胱上窩)
Rectovesical pouch (直腸膀胱陷凹)
直腸
Pararectal fossa (直腸旁窩)
Peritoneum vs. rectum
Sup. third covers → ant. and lat. surfaces
Middle third → only the ant. surface
No surface of the inf. third (subperitoneal)
女性
Vesicouterine pouch (膀胱子宮陷凹)
Rectouterine pouch (直腸子宮陷凹)
Broad ligament (子宮闊韌帶)
Mesovarium (卵巢繫膜)
Mesometrium (子宮繫膜)
Mesosalpinx (輸卵管繫膜)
骨盆痛覺線（只針對泌尿和消化系統）
痛覺線上（被腹膜包住的器官）痛覺由交感神經傳遞至交感神經節，如膀胱上緣、子宮頂部和上緣
痛覺線下（骨盆內器官如以下）痛覺由副交感神經傳遞至副交感神經節，如攝護腺、膀胱下緣、陰道、子宮頸
消化系統的痛覺線位在乙狀結腸
bones
ilium
sacrum
ischium
pubis
joints and ligaments
lumberosacral j.
IV joint
IV disc
ant. longitudinal lig.
zygopaphysial joint（關節突關節）
iliolumbar joint
lumbosacral joint
sacroiliac j.
複合關節（有關節和聯合韌帶）
synovial joint
interosseous sacroiliac joint
post. sacroiliac lig.
ant. sacroiliac lig.
sacrococcygeal j.
ant.sacrococcygeal lig.
post. sacrococcygeal lig.
lateral sacrococcygeal lig. x2
public symphysis
次級軟骨關節（類似椎間盤）
sup. pubic lig.
inf. pubic pig.
passageways of the pelvic
greater sciatic foramen
lesser sciatic foramen
obturator foramen
pelvic wall
posterosuperior wall
bones
coccyx
Sacrum
muscle & ligaments
ant. sacroiliac lig.
sacrospinous lig.
sacrotuberous lig.
piriformis
lateral wall
bones
Hip bone below pelvic brim
muscle
Obturator internus m. 的tendonious arch的上半部
往後穿過枕骨大孔，接到股骨大轉子的內側
antero-inferior wall
pubic symphysis
pubis
pelvic floor
尾骨肌coccygeal m.
跟sacrospinous lig.位置一樣
levator ani m.
Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis