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Chapter 9 lecture 1 (Alteration of cell walls and membranes (If the cell…
Chapter 9 lecture 1
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Degerming
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Remember that it is the actual action of scrubbing the surface that is more important than the chemical.
Sterilization
Refers to the removal or destruction of ALL microbes, including viruses and bacterial endospores in or on an object.
Make a note that this term does not apply to infectious proteins called prions, because standard sterilizing techniques do not destroy them.
In practical terms, sterilization shows only eradication of harmful microorganisms and viruses – but then your book states that some innocuous microns could still be present and viable in an environment that is considered sterile.
Example is commercial sterilization- Canned food does not kill all hyperthermophilic microbes because they do not cause disease and cannot grow and spoil your food at ambient temperatures.
Disinfection
Use of physical or chemical agents that we know as disinfectants to destroy or stop microorganisms, especially pathogens.
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Disinfection does not guarantee that all pathogens are eliminated and is only used on inanimate objects.
When a chemical is used on skin or other tissues the process is called: antisepsis and the chemical is an antiseptic.
Sanitization
Process of disinfecting places and utensils used by the public to reduce the number of pathogenic microbes to meet accepted public health standards.
Examples: restaurants use steam, high pressure hot water and scrubbing to clean the utensils and dishes.
Difference between disinfecting dishes at home and sanitizing dishes in a restaurant is the arena… private versus public where the activity takes place.
Microbial Death Rates
Scientists define microbial death as the permanent loss of reproductive ability under ideal environments conditions.
One way to determine the efficacy of an antimicrobial agent is to calculate the microbial death rate.
Microbicidal agents do not simultaneously kill all cells. Rather they kill a constant percentage of cells over time.
Aseptic
This term is used to describe an environment or procedure that is free of contamination by pathogens
Example-
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Surgeons and lab techs use aseptic technique to avoid contaminating a surgical field or lab equipment
Healthcare professionals will used to protect patients from infections- it is used with standard precautions and they often will use in the following:
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inserting a urinary catheter, wound drain, intravenous line, or chest tube
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Pasteurization
Is the use of heat to kill pathogens and reduce the number of spoilage microorganisms in food and beverages
Milk, fruit juice, wine and beer
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