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"Orientation to the body" By: Sebastian Calderon (Body Regions,…
"Orientation to the body" By: Sebastian Calderon
Body Regions
Pelvic: Lower portion of torso
Antecubital: Depressed area just in front elbow
Supraclavicular: Area above clavicle
Abdominal: Anterior torso below diaphragm
Cephalic: Head
Cervical: Neck
Thorcic: Chest
Zygomatic: Upper cheek
Carpal: Wrist
Dorsal: Back
Olecranal: Back of elbow
Lumbar: Lower back between ribs and pelvis
Volar: Palm or sole
Perineal: Area between anus and genitals
Umbilical: Area around naval of umbilicus
Occipital: Back of skull
Inguinal: Groin
Crural: Leg
Cubital: Elbow
Tarsal: Ankle
Planes and Sections of body
Frontal Plane: Divides the body into front or back portions
Sagittal Plane: Is the cut that divides the body into two halves
Transverse Plane: Divides the body into upper and lower portions
Directional Terms
Posterior: The back of the human body
Superior: Above Head
Lateral: The side of the body that farther from the center of the body
Inferior: Below feet
Medial: The middle or towards the middle of the human body
Anterior: The front of the human body
Levels of organization
Level 1: Atom
Level 2: Molecule
Level 3: Macromule
Level 4: Organelle
Level 5: Cell
Level 6:Tissue
Level 7: Organ
Level 8: Organ system
Level 9: Organism
Body Cavities
Abdominal Cavity: Contains stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen
Pelvic Cavity: Contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and lower part of intestine
Spinal Cavity: Contains spinal cord
Pleural Cavity: Right lung located in right pleural cavity and left lung in left plearal cavity
Cranial Cavity: Cavity that contains brain
Ventral Cavity: Diaphragm separates ventral cavity into two
Thoracic Cavity: Mid portion of the cavity, heart and lungs are located in cavity
Feedback loops
Input Information: Information sent along different pathway to control center
Output: Information sent to effector
Receptor: Change detected by receptor
Response of effector feeds back to influence magnitude of stimulus and returns variable to homeostasis
Variable: Stimulus produces change in variable
Body Systems
Muscular: Voluntary and Involuntary movement
Nervous: Processing center for sensory input, using the input elicit appropriate responses
Integumentary: Protection against the external environment and regulation of temperature
Cardiovascular: Circulation of blood, which transports gases, nutrients, hormones and waste
Reproductive: Production of reproductive cells that will generate offspring
Lymphatic: Circulation of lymph, which maintains fluid balance and helps fight infection
Digestive: Physical and chemical breakdown of food to allow absorption of nutrients
Urinary: Filtration of blood and excretion of wastes from the body
Respiratory: Gas exchange between internal and external environment
Skeletal: Support and protection of many internal organs
Endocrine: Regulations of body processes through hormone production