Nerve Pathology

Nerve Impingement

Systemic Nerve Disease

Congenital/Developmental

Injury

Radiculopathy

Tumors

disc pathology leading to a decrease in disc height

Brachial Plexus C5-T1 including MC, median, radial, ulnar, axillary, and other branching nerves

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Lumbosacral Plexus L2-S2 including Femoral, sciatic, and other branching nerves

SC injuries

double crush syndrome

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: compression of neurovascular structures (brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein)

Neurotension

Spinal Stenosis

whiplash

scoliosis

congenital Degenerative disc disease

congenital degenerative joint disease - strongly linked to family history

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True Signs

False Signs

specific myotome weakness

specific dermatome sensory changes

radiating pain in dermatomal pattern

increased myoelectric hamstring activity

Decreased SLR

mild nerve injury can lead too

adherance

shortening

loss of elasticity

general irratation

carpal tunnel a common example

typically a nerve root and peripheral nerve

possible sources

meninges

axon connective tissues

adhered denticulate ligaments

can lead to physical and psychological changes

quick stress to the neck with high force, ex. car accident

vulnerable locations

Tunnels

Branching points

fixed points

close to unyielding structures

psychological changes such as PTSD and fear of movement

physical: loss of motion, loss of balance, decreased strength, altered recruitment patterns

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reduction in

axoplasmic flow: the movement of nutrient dense cytoplasm from the cell body to the rest of the nerve fiber

blood supply to nerves

can lead to loss of motor function and sensation

from traumatic accidents such as car accidents or falls

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congenital

Acquired usually through age-related narrowing

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pain worse in extension

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Remember the horses!

The main symptom is progressive muscle weakness leading to large impacts on physical function

a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord

Neuron and glial cells may develop tumors thus decreasing space in the nerve canal

Osteochondroma: most common benign tumor found on bone, may impinge nerve canals

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spinafida

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Multiple sclerosis

symptoms can include: vision loss, pain, fatigue, impaired coordination, cramping, muscle weakness

auto-immune condition that attacks the myelin sheath of the nerves of the CNS

Guillain Barre syndrome

leads to muscle weakness and wasting

auto-immune condition that attacks the peripheral nerves

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