Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Management Support System (Group Support Systems (GSSs) (Useful for…
Management Support System
Types of Decision
Structured Decisions
Can be automated
A well defined standard operating system exists
Information technologies are major support tools
Ex: Payroll, simple inventory
Semistructured Decisions
Include a structured aspect that benefits from
information retrieval, analytical models, and
information system technology
Ex: Sales forecast, computer configuration
Unstructured Decisions
One-time decisions with no standard
operating procedure
Decision maker's intuition plays a important role as information technology offers less support
Ex: Resolving conflicts between two divisions
Phases of Decision Making
Intelligence Phase
Decision maker examines the organization's
environment for conditions that need decisions
Data is collected from a variety of
sources and processed
Design Phase
Defines criteria for the decision
Generates alternative for meeting the criteria
Defines associations between
the criteria and the alternatives
Choice Phase
Involves selecting best and most effective
course of action is from the alternatives
Implementation Phase
Organization devises a plan for carrying out the alternative selected in the choice phase
Obtains the resources to implement the plan
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Interactive information system designed to
assist decision makers in an organization
Hardware, software, data,
mathematical and statistical models
Components: Database, Model base
Capabilities
Graphical analysis
Forecasting
Simulation
Benefits
Better decisions
Time savings
New insights and learning
Fast response to unexpected situations
Executive Information Systems (EISs)
Interactive information systems
that give executives easy access
to internal and external data
A branch of DSSs
Reasons for using
Provides managers with analytical
and decision-making tools
Used by executives to share information
with others quickly and easily
Used by managers to improve efficiency and effectiveness of decision making
Factors leading to a failed EIS
Lack of interest or commitment from management
Inability to define objectives and
information requirements clearly
Takes too much time or system is too complicated
Group Support Systems (GSSs)
Assist decision makers working in groups
Use computer and communication
technologies to formulate, process
and implement a decision making task
Help overcome the limitations
of group interactions
Useful for
Committees
Review Panels
Board Meetings
Task forces
Groupware
Assist groups in communicating, collaborating
and coordinating their activities
Capabilities
Audio & video conferencing
E-mail
Online chat
Scheduling
Electronic Meeting System
Enable decision makers in different locations to participate in a group decision-making process
Real-time computer coferencing
Video teleconferencing
Desktop conferencing
Advantages
Costs and stress are reduced due to
less travel by decision makers
Increase time to talk with each other and solve problems
Increase collaborations
Disadvantages
Lack of the human touch
Unnecessary meetings
Security problems
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Captures, stores, processes, and
displays geographic information
Points: Location of airport/restaurant
Lines: street, river
Areas: tourist attraction
Ex: Google Maps
Applications
Education planning
Government
Insurance
Marketing
Factors in designing a
Management Support System
Support from the top management
Interface kept simple
Designing a flexible system
Objectives and benefits clearly defined