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Power and Politics (Politics (Causes (Organisational factors (Low trust,…
Power and Politics
Politics
Legitimate political behaviour
Normal everyday politics
Complain to the boss, coalitions
Illegitimate political behaviour
Violates the implied rule of the game
Sabotaging, protesting etc
Causes
Organisational factors
Low trust
Role ambiguity
Promotion opportunities
Unclear performance evaluation system
Reallocation of resources
Individual factors
High mach
Org investment
Internal locus of control
Expectations of success
High self-monitors
Response
Defensive
Reactive and protective to avoid
Action (BPS)
Buck passing
Transfer responsibility
Playing dumb
Falsely pleading ignorance/inability
Stalling
Appear supportive while doing nothing privately
Blame (BPS)
Playing safe
Evade situations that may reflect unfavourable
Scapegoating
Blame negative outcome on external factors
Buffing
Covering your rear
Change (PS)
Prevention
Prevent a threatening change from occuring
Self-protection
Acting in ways to protect one's self-interest
Bases of Power
Formal
Individual's position in an organisation
Coercive
Dependent on fear of negative results
Leads to resistance
Reward
Having the ability and resources to reward others
Leads to compliance
Legitimate
Received through position
Leads to compliance
Personal
Individual's unique characteristics
Expert
Attribute knowledge and expertise on power holder
Leads to commitment
Referent
Arises out of admiration for the person and the desire to be like them
Leads to commitment
Definition
The capacity that A has to influence the behaviour of B
Power tactics (CLIP PRICE)
Translating power bases into actions to influence someone
Exchange
Reward the target with benefits or favours
Personal appeals
Using friendship or loyalty
Consultation (E)
Increase motivation and support by involving target in decision making
Ingratiation
Using flattery and praise
Insiprational (E)
Develop emotional commitment by appealing to target's values etc
Pressure
Warnings, demands, threats
Rational (E)
Logical arguments and factual evidence
Coalitions
Enlist the aid of others to persuade the target
Legitimacy
Relying on authority
Impression Management (CEFF)
Process where an individual attempts to control the impression others form of them
Excuses
Explanations to minimise severity of consequences
Flattery
Complimenting others to make oneself likeable
Conformity
Agreeing with someone's opinion
Favours
Doing something nice to gain approval