Global Issues and The Impact on Design
Deforestation
80 mil acres of forest lost to deforestation
half of the world forest has been taken with tropical rainforest being the main target
holds 15% of green house gases
2ns largest of carbon dioxide as when the tree is cut down it releases carbon dioxide= Key contribute to climate change
2nd largest human caused carbon dioxide
Forest = Vegetation, native people homes, life quality and biodiversity
FSC = Forest Steward Council, a global network of environmental, socialist and economist people who develop standards forest management.
FSC Recycle, that will issue a label dependent on the purchasing, reclaimed material level of recycled standards
High Line NY
All use a resin adhesive and the resin adhesive will determine how green the product is.
Particle board cost less and is pressed with resin adhesive.
Plywood, a flexible durable wood product that is commonly used in cabinet making. Made with a layered adhesive which reduces cracks,
MDF, commonly used material, wood based shaped material, with soft wood and some hard wood combined in layers.
Co2 Commissions
Oceania Region= 41 billion tonnes of co2 in the atmosphere each year = 36 billion tonnes = fossil fuels, 5 billion tonnes = agriculture and deforestation
human activity has already increased global warming
Abandoned construction reclaimed and renewed as an urban green public path that is home to 500 species of plants. A green oasis connect a community and influencing them to connect with nature and change there thinking to environmental change
Plastics
8.3 million metric tonnes of plastic
If we don't change how we make and use plastic by 2050 the ocean could contain more plastic than fish by weight.
only 2% of plastic is properly recycled, due to being lost in the cycle or going towards lower goods
contaminating the air we breathe
Key concerns
Plastic waste is pilling up on Mt Everst
Trash in 90% of sea birds
stomachs of Half of the worlds Sea turtles
Choking the worlds whales
Biodegradable/Compostable Plastic?
reduced to their chemical component
only can be broken down with industrial items that separates normal plastic with biodegradable plastic
Plastex By Reform Studio
NPO in Egypt. 44% of plastic recycled and only 5% is regenerated into products
empowerment of women
Revive traditional textile technique which is challenged about economic standards and the industrial segment
Waste
Waste Management
Mix waste of trash and organic waste in construction
1) Avoidance and Eliminate/Source Reduction = The best strategy and the most economically environmentally achievable. This can be actioned by purchasing non toxic materials and pre cut materials
2) Reuse = Consider donations of materials and reusing items from other buildings and construction sites. = Walls, doors, flooring, ceiling. Effective strategy for minimising environmental impact = salving refurbishing and reusing materials from the same buildings and other buildings
3) Recylce = collecting, repurposing by giving materials new life and reducing embodied energy. - concrete, glass, wood, aluminium , carpet
4) Treat and Dispose = dispose in a responsible manner, Example = plaster board, harmful product.. if you dispose in a responsible manner you can reduce the environmental impact.
Designing For Waste
Responsible for minimising waste from the early stages of design and to the completion of project
plan for end of use and deconstruction
identified recycled materials and keep recycled materials where possible
consider low energy building systems - Life Cycle Analysis
Sustainablility
Early decisions have major impact on waste streams of quality and quantity
Essential to consider sustainability in the design process = material selection, manufacturing, processes, life spam, marketing, waste disposal
consider systems that endors esocial sustainability for the local and global community that endorses local production, community manufacturing and way of living.
consider environmental sustainability, the impact that we do to the natural environment
Relationship between the requirement of materials and the cost to the environment in attaining them.
economic sustainability
Embodied Energy
Considers the processes of design = Goal is to design long life durable and adaptable products and buildings. Consider how a material can benefit other designs and eliminate need for higher energy materials, maintenance and processes
LifeCycle Assessment (LCA)
examines the total environmental impact of materials and product. Influences responsible decision making.
Environmental Product Decleration EDP
If a business is recognised with an EDP, the demonstrate a commitment and are identified with a green environmental footprint for the actions, products and strategy.
Cradle to Cradle
1) Eliminating the concept to waste
3) Celebrate Diversity in ecosystem, culture, individual needs and processes
2) Use Renewable Energy