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PS2- Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions (Stability &…
PS2- Motion and Stability:
Forces and Interactions
Forces and Motion
An individual force acts on one particular object and is
described by its strength and direction.
A static object has multiple forces acting on it; sums up to zero
If not equal to zero, the force changes in direction or speed
Can change shape and direction
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
F = ma (total force = mass times acceleration) This accurately predicts changes in the motion
Objects pull or push each other when they collide
Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions.
Types of Interactions
Gravitational
Always attractive
nonnegligible
The gravitational force due to Earth, acting on object near Earth's surface, pulls that object toward planet's center
Electric
Can be attractive or repulsive, depending on sign of electric charges, direction of current flow, and orientation of magnets
field of force, surrounding a charged particle
Magnetic
Can be attractive or repulsive, depending on sign of electric charges, direction of current flow, and orientation of magnets
field of force surrounding a permanent mamgent, or a moving charged paricle
Similarities between Magnetic, Gravitational, and Electric
They do not require objects to be in contact
Forcefields that contain energy and can transfer energy through space
Are distinguishable through their affect on mass, charge, or magnet, respectively
Strong and Week Nuclear Interactions
Determine nuclear sizes, stability, rates of radioactive decay
Stability & Instability
Depend on balance or imbalance among multiple effects
Stable: internal/external forces where a small change results in forces that return system to its prior state
System can be static, but unstabel
System can be changing but have stable repeating cycle of changes
Stable: can appear to be unchanging when processes are going on at opposite but equal rates
Whether an object moves or stays still depends on effects of multiple pushes and pulls on it