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GEOGRAPHY CH-7 OUR COUNTRY- INDIA (Physical Divisions (Northern Indian…
GEOGRAPHY CH-7 OUR COUNTRY- INDIA
DIRECTIONS
NORTH
HIMALAYAS
SOUTH
INDIAN OCEAN
EAST
BAY OF BENGAL
WEST
ARABIAN SEA
AREA
3.28 MILLION SQ.KM
NORTH TO SOUTH EXTENT
KASHMIR TO KANYAKUMARI
3200 KM
EAST WEST EXTENT
ARUNACHAL PRADESH TO KUCHCHH
2900 KM
Political and Administrative divisions
National Capital: Delhi
Largest Area state: Rajasthan
Smallest Area State: GOA
SECOND MOST POPULOUS COUNTRY AFTER CHINA
LOCATIONAL SETTING
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
TROPIC OF CANCER 23 DEGREE 30 MINUTE NORTH
PASSES HALF WAY THROUGH THE COUNTRY
From South to north
India Extends between 8 degree 4 North and 37 degree 6 North Latitudes
From East to west
India Extends between 68 degree 7 East and 97 degree 25 East Longitudes
Local time changes by 4 minutes for every one degree of longitude
local time of longitude 82 degree 30 E as IST
Standard Meridian of India
PENINSULA
piece of land surrounded by water on 3 sides
India's Neighbours
7 Countries
Afghanistan
Pakistan
China
Nepal
Bhutan
Myanmar
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Separated from India by Palk Strait
Physical Divisions
Him+alaya
Means: Abode of snow
3 main parallel ranges
The Great Himalayas: Himadri
Middle Himalaya: Himachal
Southern most range: Shiwalik
Northern Indian Plains
generally level and flat
formed by alluvial deposits
Ganga
Brahmaputra
Indus
and their tributaries
Ganga and Brahmhaputra form
World's largest delta "Sunderbans Delta"
Bay of Bengal
delta is an area of land formed at the mouth of river
the point where river enters the sea is called mouth of river
Fertile land for cultivation
reason of dense population in this area
Western part
Great Indian Desert
dry, hot and sandy land
little vegetation
Southern Part
Peninsular plateau
triangular in shape
highly uneven relief
hill ranges and valleys
Aravali hills, one of the oldest ranges in the world
north west
Vindhyas and Satputra important ranges
River Narmada and Tapi flow through these ranges
west flowing rivers
drain into Arabian sea
Western Ghats or Sahyadris west boundary
almost continuos
Eastern Ghats East boundary
broken and uneven
rich in minerals coal and iron ore
Coastal Plains
West of western ghats
very narrow
East of Eastern Ghats
Broader
East flowing rivers
Mahanadi
Godavari
Krishna
Kaveri
Drain into west Bengal
Islands
Lakshadweep Islands
Located in Arabian Sea
Coral Islands
off coast of Kerala
Andaman and Nicobar
lie to the Southeast
in Bay of Bengal
Corals
When living polyps die
Skeletons are left
other polyps grow on the top of skeleton
grows higher and higher
Forms coral islands
Skeletons of tiny marine animals called polyps