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Achalasia (Clinical manifestation (Distention of lower oesophagus,…
Achalasia
Clinical manifestation
Distention of lower oesophagus
Dificulty in swallowing
Delayed emptying of oesophagus
Persistent cough
Poor peristalsis
Weght loss
Management
Take fluids while eating
No spicy food
Small frequent warm meals
Chew properly before swallowing
Antacids
Sleep in semi Fowler's position, to prevent backflow of food
Diagnostic procedure
Manometer
Oesophagoscopy
Chest x-ray
Biopsy
Definition
Muscle tone is increased in the lower oesophagus
Resulting in sphincter failing to relax
Chronic progressive condition
Treatment
Nitroglycerin
Calcium channel blockers
Eosophagomyotomy
Pathophysiology
Increasing muscle tone of oesophageal sphincter
Results in failure of normal peristalsis
Causes
Degenerative change in ganglion cells
Common in Age of 20 to 40