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Disorders of Menstruation (Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding) (Risk factors,…
Disorders of Menstruation
(Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding)
Definition
It is irregular uterine bleeding that occurs in the absence of recognizable pelvic pathology, general medical disease, or pregnancy.
Causes
Hormonal imbalance, uterine fibroids, intrauterine contraception device, pelvic inflammatory diseases and other non-gynaelogical conditions, such as blood clotting defects.
Pathophysiology
During an anovulatory cycle, the corpus luteum does not form. In ovulatory abnormal uterine bleeding, progesterone secretion is prolonged, irregular shedding of the endometrium results, probably because oestrogen levels remain low, near the threshold for bleeding.
Risk factors
Diabetes
Obesity
hirsutism
Assessment and common findings
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Bleeding that lasts more than 7 days.
Nursing management
Monitor blood loss by counting pads and monitor their saturation in a 24-hour period as anaemia may result.
Medical management
Oral contraceptives (oralcon)contain hormones that can be used to stop the lining of the uterus from getting thick.
Health education
Maintaining a healthy weight by exercising can help prevent dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
Surgical management
Hysterectomy is the type of surgery that removes a uterus.
Endometrial ablation is a surgical procedure that destroys the lining of the uterus.