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Peptic ulcers https://www.mayoclinic.org ds00242_-ds00958_im02752_r7…
Peptic ulcers
https://www.mayoclinic.org
Definition
A sore that develops on lining of oesophagus, stomach or small intestines
Types of ulcers
Duodenal ulcers
Gastric ulcers
Oesophageal ulcers
Marginal ulcers
Stress ulcers
Causes
Smoking
Spicy food
Bacterium
Alcohol
Regular use of pain relievers (aspirin)
Signs and symptoms
Burning stomach pain
Nausea
Bloating
Fatty food intolerance
Dark blood in stools
Diagnostic tests
Laboratory tests for H.pylori
Endoscopy
Upper gastrointestinal series
Treatment
Antibiotic medication to kill H.pylori (amoxicillin)
Medication to reduce acid production
Medication to block acid production and promote healing (lansoprazole)
Pathophysiology
Organism attached to mucus-secreting cells of gastric mucosa
Production of large amount of ammonia from urea by bacterial urease
Ammonia neutralizes HCI in stomach
Organism survival plus inflammatory response
Damage to mucus result to peptic ulcers
