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Gallstones 120px-Gallstones (Causes (your genes, your weight (obesity),…
Gallstones 
Definition
a small, hard crystalline mass formed abnormally in the gall bladder or bile ducts from bile pigments, cholesterol, and calcium salts
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Phathophysiology
The first is how often and how well the gallbladder contracts; incomplete and infrequent emptying of the gallbladder may cause the bile to become overconcentrated and contribute to gallstone formation
This can be caused by high resistance to the flow of bile out of the gallbladder due to the complicated internal geometry of the cystic duct
Besides a high concentration of cholesterol, two other factors are important in causing gallstones.
The second factor is the presence of proteins in the liver and bile that either promote or inhibit cholesterol crystallization into gallstones.
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Pharmacological therapy
nonsurgigal treatment option involve injecting a solvent known as methyl tertiary-butyl ether(MTBE) into the gall bladder to dissolve gallstones
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