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ACUTE LIVER FAILURE(FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE) (SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS…
ACUTE LIVER FAILURE(FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE)
DEFINITION
is acute liver failure,characterised by severe impairnent of the liverfunction,with hepatic encephalopathy occuring within 8 weeks of the first symptoms
CAUSES
genetic diseases
excessive alcohol
infection
acute viral hepatitis
shock to the liver
drugs and toxins
COMPLICATIONS
infections
coagulopathy and bleeding
central nervous system disturbances such as hepatiic encephalopathy,cerebral edema,seizures
renal failure and hemodynamic collapse
metabolic derangements
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
it results in the loss of the metabolic,secretory,and regulatory effects of the liver cells
this results in the rapid accumulation of toxic substances, which then manifests in the patient as an altered sensorium,cerebral oedema , hemodynamic abnormalities and even multi organ failure
loss of normal function of hepatic tissue which occurs over a short period of time
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
pyrexia
abdominal pain
cholestasis
jaundice
hepatomegaly
diarrhoea
nausea and vomiting
abdominal tenderness
MANAGEMENT
monitor skin and sclera for increased/decrease levels of jaundice
blood suger monitoring
treatment may involve liver transplantation
monitor intake and output
