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Accessory glands- Chronic Pancrititis (Clinical Manifestation (Episodes of…
Accessory glands- Chronic Pancrititis
Definition
Progressive destruction of pancreatic tissue resulting in gradual fibrosis and calcification of the pancreas.
Pathophysiology
Prolonged use of alcohol causes calcification of pancreatic tissue resulting in the obstruction of the pancreatic duct and the common bile ducts including part of the duodenum.
Proteins may also precipitate in the ducts enhancing the obstruction
The affected glandular tissue atrophies, and pseudocyst and abscesses develop.
Fat and protein digestion is impaired due to malabsorption that develops as the disease progresses.
Clinical Manifestation
Episodes of pain.
vomiting and low grade fever.
Weight loss.
Jaundice.
Steatorrhoea.
Causes
Repeated attacks of acute interstitial pancreatitis.
Gallstones, hyperparathyroidism and occasional hyperlipidaemia.
Cancer of the ampulla of vater, duodenuma and pancreas.
A diet that is poor in protein content and very high in fat.
A history of prolonged use of alcohol.
Nursing care plan
Prevent and manage acute attacks - The patient should be given a bland, low fat diet in small frequent servings daily.
Relieve pain and discomfort - Frequent doses of analgesics.
Manage exocrine and endocrine insufficiency - Replace pancreatic enzymes by giving pancreatin and pancreplipase.