Abdominal hernia 
Defination
Or organs from the abdominal cavity
Causes
Chronic cough
Smoking
Injury
Pregnancy
Failure of abdominal wall to close proper
Clinical manifastations
Lump on affected area
Bulge when crying
Pain on affected area
Feeling of heaviness
Can be felt when bending down
Diagnostic study
Physical examination
Endoscopy
Barium x ray
Ultrasound
Types of Abdominal hernia
Pharmacology
Anatacide
H-2 receptor blocker
Proton pump inhibitors
Medication that reduce stomach acid
Surgery
Laparoscopic surgery
Inserting a tiny camera and repair hernia
Surgery is less damaging
Laparoscopic has short recovery
Health education
Avoid heavy food
Don't bend after eating
Exercise more to strengthen muscles
Reference
Through the cavity wall where it
Abnormal exit or protruding of tissues
Normally resides
Incisional hernia
Inguinal Hernia
Umbilical hernia
Maintain normal body weight
Diet
Eat a lot of fruit and vegetable
Drink a lot of water
Eat food high in fibre
Allow great bowel movement
Pathophysiology
This leads to the protrusion
Of the abdominal cavity
It causes opening of abdominal cavity
Resulting to physical bulging
When the abdominal muscle weakens
Outside the abdominal cavity