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Oxidation & reduction (Determining oxidation state (3.Elements that…
Oxidation
&
reduction
Reduction
Gain hydrogen
Loses oxygen
Gain electron
Oxidation state decreases
Oxidation
Gains electon
Gain hydrogen
Increase oxidation state
Gain oxygen
Determining oxidation state
1.oxidation state of all elements=0
2.oxidation state of simple ion is the same as the charge on ion
Eg. Na+ oxidation state =+1
3.Elements that have fixed oxidation state
Grp II metals
Oxidation state=+2
Hydrogen in
most
compound
Oxidation state=+1
Grp I metals
Oxidation state=+1
Oxygen in
most
compounds
Oxidation state=-2
4.Sum of oxidation states of atom/ion in compound add up to zero
5.sum of oxidation states of the atoms in a polyatomic ion is the same as the charge on the ions