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Processes (Process Control Block (PCB) (process state (waiting, ready,…
Processes
Process Control Block (PCB)
CPU scheduling information
memory management system
CPU registers
accounting information
program counter
I/O status information
process state
waiting
ready
running
terminated
new
concept
definition
a program in execution
progresses in sequence
varieties
time-shared system
batch system
includes
stack
data section
program counter
active entity
program is passive
#
can be several procceses
changes when exe is loaded
parts
code
= text section
current activity
processor registors
program counter
stack (temp data)
return addresses
local variables
function parameters
data section
global variables
heap
allocated memory
run time
scheduling
scheduler
long-term scheduler
to be brought into ready queue
invoked infrequently
seconds
minutes
controls multiprogramming degree
short-term scheduler
to be executed next
CPU allocation
sometimes the only scheduler
invoked freuently
milliseconds
queues
ready queue
processes in main memory
waiting
ready
device queue
processes waiting for I/O device
job queue
all processes in system